Understanding Sham
The term "sham" dates back to the 17th century, likely derived from the English word meaning "something that appears different from what it is" — because shams make ordinary pillows look like decorative cushions. Shams come in standard sizes matching pillow dimensions: Standard (20x26 inches), Queen (20x30 inches), King (20x36 inches), and Euro (26x26 inches square). Euro shams are the large square shams typically propped against the headboard as the back layer. Most shams feature a flanged border (a flat fabric border extending 2-3 inches beyond the pillow) or a tailored edge with piping or cording. The back of a sham has an envelope closure or hidden zipper, distinguishing it from a pillowcase which has a simple open end.
Sham in Interior Design
Shams are a key component of a professionally styled bed. The classic layering order from back to front is: Euro shams against the headboard, then king or standard shams, then decorative accent pillows in descending sizes. Interior designers use shams to tie together a bedroom's color scheme — they can match the duvet cover, complement the accent colors, or introduce a pattern that bridges other elements in the room. In traditional and transitional bedrooms, shams with flanged edges and subtle patterns add elegance. In modern and minimalist bedrooms, simple linen or cotton shams in solid neutral tones maintain a clean aesthetic. The fabric and texture of shams significantly impact the room's feel — quilted shams add dimension, velvet shams add luxury, and linen shams create a relaxed look.
